They would be provided for the precise system. The committee considered that for the general system, tone and quantity marks were unneeded. In selecting symbols or letters, account should be taken of existing types for printing and typewriting and of existing systems of transcription.The general system should be in consonance with the principles of Thai grammar, orthography, and pronunciation.The general system should be based on pronunciation, and one sound should be represented by one symbol or letter.The general system should be expandable to the precise system.The general system was set up by a committee of the Ministry of Public Instruction on the following principles: The general system was issued by the Ministry of Public Instruction in 1932, and subsequent issues have been issued by the Royal Institute of Thailand. There have been four versions of the RTGS, those promulgated in 1932, 1939, 19. For vowels, a dash ('–') indicates the relative position of the vowel's initial consonant. Transcription table įor consonants, the transcriptions are given for both initial and final position in the syllable. For example, 'ลูกเสือ' (from 'ลูก' + 'เสือ', scout) is transcribed as 'luksuea', not 'luk suea', and 'โชคชัย จิตงาม', the first and last names of a person, is transcribed as 'Chokchai Chitngam', not 'Chok Chai Chit Ngam'. However, compounds and names of persons are written without spaces between words. For example, 'สถาบันไทยคดีศึกษา' Institute of Thai Studies is transcribed as 'Sathaban Thai Khadi Sueksa'. Transcribed words are written with spaces between them although there are no spaces in Thai. Implied vowels, which are not written in Thai orthography, are transcribed as pronounced.Ī hyphen is used to avoid ambiguity in syllable separation before a succeeding syllable that starts with a vowel and before ⟨ng⟩ if the preceding syllable ends with a vowel. Vowels are transcribed in the position in the word where they are pronounced, not as in Thai orthography. It uses ⟨ch⟩ for /t͡ɕʰ/ and /t͡ɕ/, somewhat like English.įinal consonants are transcribed according to pronunciation, not Thai orthography.

Digraphs with ⟨h⟩ (⟨ph⟩, ⟨th⟩, ⟨kh⟩) are aspirated /pʰ, tʰ, kʰ/ consonants to distinguish them from unaspirated ⟨p⟩, ⟨t⟩, ⟨k⟩.

It uses consonants as in IPA except as follows:.

Digraphs with trailing ⟨a⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩ are diphthongs and are indicated by IPA /a, j, w/ respectively.

Digraphs with trailing ⟨e⟩ are monophthongs ⟨ae⟩, ⟨oe⟩, ⟨ue⟩ sound like /ɛ, ɤ, ɯ/ respectively and are perhaps chosen for their similarity to IPA ligatures /æ, œ, ɯ/.Single letters ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩ are monophthongs (simple vowels), with the same value as in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).It spells all vowels and diphthongs with vowel letters: ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩.It uses only unmodified letters from the Latin alphabet without diacritics.

Thai english transliteration